Author(s): Di Franco S, Turdo A, Todaro M, Stassi G
Cancer can be considered an aberrant organ with a hierarchical composition of different cell populations. The tumor microenvironment, including the immune cells and related cytokines, is crucial during all the steps of tumor development. In particular, type I and II interferons (IFNs) are involved in a plethora of mechanisms that regulate immune responses in cancer, thus balancing immune escape versus immune surveillance. IFNs are involved in both the direct and indirect regulation of cancer cell proliferation and metastatic potential. The mutational background of genes involved in IFNs signaling could serve as a prognostic biomarker and a powerful tool to screen cancer patients eligible for checkpoint blocking therapies. We herewith describe the latest findings regarding the contribution of IFNs in colorectal cancer and melanoma by researching their dual role as either tumor promoter or suppressor, in diverse tumor types, and microenvironmental context. We are reporting the most innovative and promising approaches of IFN-based therapies that have achieved considerable outcomes in clinical oncology practice and explain the possible mechanisms responsible for their failure.
Referred From: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00878
Author(s): Chin KL, Anis FZ, Sarmiento ME, Norazmi MN, Acosta A, et al.
Author(s): Negishi H, Taniguchi T, Yanai H
Author(s): Bessis N, GarciaCozar FJ, Boissier MC
Author(s): Sakurai H, Kawabata K, Sakurai F, Nakagawa S, Mizuguchi H, et al.
Author(s): Burel SA, Machemer T, Ragone FL, Kato H, Cauntay P, et al.
Author(s): Lennox KA, Behlke MA
Author(s): Leeds JM, Henry SP, Geary R, Burckin T, Levin AA, et al.
Author(s): Behlke MA
Author(s): Jacobi AM, Rettig GR, Turk R, Collingwood MA, Zeiner SA, et al.
Author(s): Neun BW, Dobrovolskaia MA
Author(s): Neun BW, Dobrovolskaia MA
Author(s): Potter TM, Neun BW, Rodriguez JC, Ilinskaya AN, Dobrovolskaia MA, et al.
Author(s): Fennrich S, Hennig U, Toliashvili L, Schlensak C, Wendel HP, et al.
Author(s): Coch C, Luck C, Schwickart A, Putschli B, Renn M, et al.
Author(s): Daneshian M, Von Aulock S, Hartung T
Author(s): Dobrovolskaia MA
Author(s): Hasiwa N, Daneshian M, Bruegger P, Fennrich S, Hochadel A, et al.
Author(s): Hoffmann S, Peterbauer A, Schindler S, Fennrich S, Poole S, et al.
Author(s): Vessillier S, Eastwood D, Fox B, Sathish J, Sethu S, et al.
Author(s): Alvarez-Salas LM
Author(s): Henry SP, Geary RS, Yu R, Levin AA
Author(s): Holmlund JT, Monia BP, Kwoh TJ, Dorr FA
Author(s): Monteith DK, Henry SP, Howard RB, Flournoy S, Levin AA, et al.
Author(s): Evans DC, Watt AP, Nicoll-Griffith DA, Baillie TA
Author(s): Keefe AD, Pai S, Ellington A
Author(s): Schmidt A, Schwerd T, Hamm W, Hellmuth JC, Cui S, et al.